E-2: ACCOUNTABILITY IN ISLAM: A PATH TO JUSTICE AND PEACE

Abstract

The religion of Islam is a code of life, and it would not be wrong to say that Islam is a complete religion that has set the way and rules for a person to live his life, and if a person makes these fixed rules a part of his life, then a perfect society can be formed. The religion of Islam has emphasized living individual and social life in an Islamic manner. Islam emphasizes the formation and establishment of a society and therefore the rules and regulations of living in a society have been described by the Qur'an and Sunnah according to which the principles of living in a society and how to avoid evils can be avoided. Likewise, the limits for crimes such as murder, theft, adultery alcohol etc. have been defined. To protect the society from evils and sins in daily life, laws regulations, and disciplinary actions have been explained, which was demonstrated in practice by the Prophet ﷺ and later by the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ, especially the Caliphs and the Rashiduns. The later Islamic governments saw it in practice. Hasba is also a part of the same Islamic system which was first implemented by the Holy Prophet in his lifetime. Although the word Hasba was not used during the time of the Prophet ﷺ, it was known as ``Amr bi al-Mruf nahi an al-Munkar'' used to go, however, its mention is proved by the Holy Qur'an and the hadiths of the Prophet ﷺ. In later periods, the word Hasba came to be used for this system. This system is very important in the Muslim society and through it, evils are prevented in the society. Such as preventing adultery, weighing, corruption, not establishing prayer, erecting barriers on the roads, etc. which activities are there in the system of hasba to prevent the disorder of the society.  The article under consideration is related to Hasba, in which the history of the Islamic system of Hasba and its implementation, how the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) prevented it in the daily routine of life and business etc. The importance that the Caliphs and other Islamic governments have given to the system of Hasba, today's modern non-Islamic states have made it an important part of their system of government. In the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the Islamic system of Hasba is also enforced in Pakistan for which various laws have been made so that a good society can be established through an integrated system.