International Journal of Islamic Business, Administration and Social Sciences (JIBAS)

A-1: THE ALLEGED BELIEF OF RETURN (RAJ'A) IN TWELVER SHIA THEOLOGY OVERVIEW AND CRITIQUE

Abdul Rahman Shah — 2023-06-30

One of the most important principles of belief is faith in the Day of Judgment, where Allah gathers creatures and nations for reckoning and reward, unlike any other time. Among the derivatives of this belief is the firm belief that the deceased does not return to the world after departing from it. The Quran and the Sunnah do not mention any return or resurrection except on the Day of Judgment. However, the Twelver Shia sect claims otherwise and asserts the return of the Imams from the House of the Prophet before the Day of Judgment during the time of their presumed Mahdi. This claim is aimed at seeking revenge from their enemies and opponents, particularly notable companions such as the two sheikhs and Aisha, the mother of the Believers. The first to introduce this belief in the Islamic community was the cunning Jew Abdullah bin Saba, who feigned conversion to Islam to undermine it from within. He transferred such beliefs filled with hatred, enmity, and animosity from the religion of his Jewish ancestors to Islam. The Jews believe in the return of some of their enemies and adversaries to the world after departing from it during the time of their supposed Messiah for revenge and retaliation. This belief was adopted by the followers of Abdullah bin Saba, known as the Saba'is, and from them, it reached various Imami factions. It became firmly rooted within the Twelver Shia sect, to the extent that those who oppose it are considered to be enemies of their sect. This belief is fundamentally false and baseless, contradicting the teachings of the Quran and Sunnah, the statements of scholars, and the proofs of reason. The fact that its originator is the deceitful Jew Abdullah bin Saba, who aimed to ignite discord among Muslims by propagating false beliefs and casting doubt on the core tenets of their faith, is sufficient evidence of its invalidity and corruption. Another aspect of its invalidity is that it is built upon fictitious and false beliefs, such as the claim that the first three caliphs usurped the right of Ali ibn Abi Talib to the caliphate. Additionally, their mythological belief in their presumed Mahdi, who does not actually exist, is another reason for its invalidity and corruption. It is well known that anything built upon lies, illusions, and fantasies is inherently flawed and corrupt.

U-1 : A CRITICAL STUDY OF THE CONTEMPORARY PAKISTANI SOCIETY ABOUT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BLOOD RELATIVES & THEIR RIGHTS AND DUTIES’ CONDITION IN THE LIGHT OF QURAN AND SUNNAH

Najmul Sahar Ilyas — 2023-06-30

Family is the basic unit of Islamic society. One of the rules and regulations that Islam has laid down to strengthen the roots of the family and make its structure sustainable is Salah Rahmi. Salah al-Rahmi refers to connecting relationships and treating relatives with goodness and kindness. The scholars of the Ummah agree that Sila Rahmi is obligatory, and celibacy is forbidden. In the Hadiths, there is an order to treat relatives well without any imprisonment and to have a relationship with them. Salah al-Rahmi is such an important social value that it has been a constant command in all Shariats and it has been made obligatory for all nations. After believing in the monotheism of the children of Yaqub (peace be upon him) and benevolence to their parents, a pledge of mercy was taken from the nobles and relatives. Allah says:

"وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَاقَ بَنِىْ إِسْرَائِيلَ لاَ تَعْبُدُونَ إِلاَّ اللّهَ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَاناً وَّذِي الْقُرْبَى."

And [recall] when we took the covenant from the Children of Israel, [enjoining upon them], "Do not worship except Allah, and to parents do good and to relatives.

This order was also made obligatory on the Ummah of Muhammad (peace be upon him) but unfortunately in the present era, the situation is different from what it should be. Nowadays people ignore blood relations and give preference to friends and so-called siblings and relatives over them, which is a matter of concern. To know the current position of the relationship between blood relatives in Pakistani society and the status of awareness of rights and duties, a survey form will be filled out by people belonging to different parts of the society through which an analytical study of Pakistani society will be done.

U-2: AN ARTISTIC STUDY OF MEHMOOD TAIMOOR’S DRAMAS

Umair Rais Uddin — 2023-06-30

Mehmood Taimoor is a prominent Egyptian writer. He is one of the pioneers of Arabic fiction and drama. The subject matter of this research is an artistic study for the dramas of the Mehmood Taimoor. I have studied his dramas through the artistic method for the most important drama contents and tributaries on which the poet extracted. This research aims to indicate his drama experience to extract his aesthetic and creative contents and study it artistically, which provides an independent source for his drama. The study includes a preface that explains the history of Arabic drama, and then I discuss his life and the most important events in his age, the social changes, the ideological life, and the social criticism in his drama. He observed the real rural lifestyle of Egyptians and presented it in his written dramas. The main theme of his dramas is “Human beings”, he discussed human issues in a simple and realistic style. Mahmood Taimoor's historical dramas are evidence of his historical interest and passion, deep knowledge, technical awareness, and conscious study. In his dramas one finds the continuity of the dramatic event, the selection of details, and the reflection of aspects which the historian usually overlooks. Their psychological, analytical, historical, and romantic tendencies were also found, he observed international literature, especially French and Russian literature, and his dramas are a good combination of East and West cultures. The purpose of this study is to highlight the development of drama in the hands of Mehmood Taimoor and how his contemporary Egyptian society is highlighted in his dramas.

E-1: PAK US RELATIONS DURING JOE BIDEN ERA

Syed Shoaib Hussain — 2023-06-30

The relations between the United States and Pakistan experienced many ups and downs since the inception of diplomatic relations. Both countries had worked together against the Soviet Union in the Afghan war and the war on terror for almost twenty years. Unfortunately, suspiciousness always existed between them. The US blamed the double game on Pakistan whereas Pakistan sees US-India relations as a threat to her interests in the region. The US also has questions over close Pakistan and China relations that the US see as against her interests in the Indo-Pacific region. The United States is promoting India as a regional and global ally. The relations between both countries during the Joe Biden regime are unluckily not favorable for Pakistan. Moreover, both countries can work together to boost their relations by diverting them from geopolitics to geo-economics.

E-2: AMPLIFYING PURCHASE INTENTION OF FASHION ITEMS:

Muhammad Ajmal — 2023-06-30

In the higher education sector, technology plays an increasingly important role in determining what students intend to purchase in the future. After obtaining information from different sources of the environment and their colleagues, students decide whether or not to purchase a product or service based on their brand attitude. An investigation was conducted on the effect of brand attitude on word-of-mouth/electronic word-of-mouth and purchase intention. Furthermore, further research is being conducted to find out whether brand knowledge can moderate the relationship between brand attitude and purchase intention. A cross-sectional research design with minimal interference from the researcher is employed in this study. To collect a sample of three hundred students from universities in the public and private sectors of the higher education sector, a self-administrative questionnaire is used as the primary method. The results of the study show that word-of-mouth and electronic word-of-mouth have a smaller direct impact on purchase intentions than brand attitudes do. The intention to make a purchase is partially mediated by word of mouth/electronic word of mouth as well as by the impact of word of mouth. Students in Pakistan develop a brand attitude by researching products and services they are interested in before purchasing them, which may prove beneficial to big brands in the Pakistani industry as it indicates that students develop a brand attitude. This study is significant in unlocking the black box of eWOM/WOM and purchase intention, specifically regarding brand attitude and knowledge, since these aspects have not been extensively studied in Pakistan's fashion industry or higher education, which makes it an important contribution to unlocking the picture of eWOM /WOM and purchase intention in the country.